Gender of those involved in: digging the basins, planting and watering the trees, and preparing land using farmer’s usual cultivation practice, grouped by survey respondents’ gender and marital status. Statistics presented: count (%) and Fisher’s exact test (two-sided).
| Gender of Those Who Provided Labor | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men Only | Men and Women | Women Only | ||
| Digging the planting basins | ||||
| Married women (n = 331) | 36 (11%) | 167 (50%) | 128 (39%) | < 0.000 |
| Married men (n = 93) | 53 (57%) | 40 (43%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Unmarried women (n = 52) | 8 (15%) | 13 (25%) | 31 (60%) | — |
| Unmarried men (n = 3) | 2 (66%) | 1 (33%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Farmer’s usual cultivation practice | ||||
| Married women (n = 331) | 26 (8%) | 210 (63%) | 95 (29%) | 0.002 |
| Married men (n = 94) | 41 (45%) | 51 (54%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Unmarried women (n = 50) | 5 (10%) | 24 (48%) | 21 (42%) | — |
| Unmarried men (n = 3) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Planting the tree seedlings | ||||
| Married women (n = 701) | 132 (19%) | 225 (32%) | 344 (49%) | < 0.000 |
| Married men (n = 359) | 305 (85%) | 51 (14%) | 3 (1%) | |
| Unmarried women (n = 122) | 12 (11%) | 33 (27%) | 75 (61%) | 0.007 |
| Unmarried men (n = 49) | 41 (84%) | 8 (16%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Watering the tree seedlings | ||||
| Married women (n = 678) | 22 (3%) | 251 (37%) | 405 (60%) | < 0.000 |
| Married men (n = 352) | 268 (76%) | 78 (22%) | 6 (2%) | |
| Unmarried women (n = 124) | 8 (6%) | 26 (21%) | 90 (73%) | 0.193 |
| Unmarried men (n = 51) | 39 (76%) | 12 (24%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Married women | ||||
| Digging the basins (n = 331) | 36 (11%) | 167 (50%) | 128 (39%) | < 0.000 |
| Planting the trees (n = 701) | 132 (19%) | 225 (32%) | 344 (49%) | |
| Married men | ||||
| Digging the basins (n = 93) | 53 (57%) | 40 (43%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.000 |
| Planting the trees (n = 359) | 305 (85%) | 51 (14%) | 3 (1%) | |