Means and one-way ANOVA results for traits measured for six perennial herbaceous understory species transplanted to the State University Forestry Greenhouse in Ames, Iowa, in 2014. Asterisks indicate differences in traits between local and non-local plants.
| Species/trait | Local mean | Non-local mean | MSE population | F value | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asarum canadense | F1,28 | ||||
| Fruit number | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.07 | 0.3 | 0.603 |
| Leaf area (cm2) * | 49.3 | 79.6 | 6842.00 | 13.5 | 0.001 |
| Leaf number | 2.0 | 2.0 | 0.00 | 0.0 | 1.000 |
| Stem diameter (cm) * | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 20.7 | < 0.001 |
| Hydrophyllum virginianum | F1,32 | ||||
| Flower number | 32.1 | 23.6 | 320.3 | 1.1 | 0.312 |
| Leaf area (cm2) * | 134.4 | 199.8 | 36256.2 | 8.6 | 0.006 |
| Leaf number * | 8.7 | 6.1 | 59.9 | 10.6 | 0.002 |
| Mertensia virginica | F1, 30 | ||||
| Flower number * | 29.8 | 4.1 | 5253.1 | 22.8 | < 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 21.7 | 19.0 | 60.2 | 2.4 | 0.132 |
| Leaf area (cm2) * | 36.1 | 62.4 | 5561.3 | 10.0 | 0.004 |
| Leaf number * | 20.1 | 5.7 | 1653.1 | 34.4 | < 0.001 |
| Stem diameter (cm) | 0.41 | 0.4 | 0.03 | 3.0 | 0.093 |
| Polygonum virginianum | F1, 30 | ||||
| Height (cm) * | 69.3 | 56.2 | 1335.4 | 19.0 | < 0.001 |
| Leaf area (cm2) * | 180.5 | 206.0 | 5225.2 | 8.6 | 0.006 |
| Leaf number * | 48.7 | 34.8 | 1554.0 | 20.1 | <0.001 |
| Stem diameter (cm) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.624 |
| Ranunculus hispidus | F1, 30 | ||||
| Leaf number * | 6.4 | 22.2 | 1984.5 | 6.7 | 0.014 |
| Solidago flexicaulis | F1, 31 | ||||
| Height * | 44.9 | 64.2 | 3066.3 | 11.2 | 0.002 |
| Leaf area * | 75.8 | 105.2 | 7056.9 | 9.1 | 0.005 |
| Leaf number * | 23.9 | 50.1 | 5583.0 | 15.5 | 0.014 |
| Seed head number | 26.7 | 19.8 | 382.1 | 3.2 | 0.085 |
| Stem diameter * | 0.31 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 22.0 | < 0.001 |