Research ArticleResearch Article

Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) Enrichment Plantings Enhance Successional Restoration of an Old Field

Jon K. Piper
Ecological Restoration, June 2023, 41 (2-3) 99-108; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/er.41.2-3.99

References

  1. ↵
    1. Archer, S.,
    2. S. Scifres,
    3. C.R. Bassham and
    4. R. Maggio
    . 1988. Autogenic succession in a subtropical savanna: Conversion of grassland to thorn woodland. Ecological Monographs 58:111–127.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  2. ↵
    1. Asbjornsen, H.,
    2. M.D. Tomer,
    3. M. Gomez-Cardenas,
    4. L.A. Brudvig,
    5. C.M. Greenan and
    6. K. Schilling
    . 2007. Tree and stand transpiration in a Midwestern bur oak savanna after elm encroachment and restoration thinning. Forest Ecology and Management 247:209–219.
    OpenUrl
  3. ↵
    1. Ashton, P.M.S.,
    2. S. Gamage,
    3. I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke and
    4. C.V.S. Gunatilleke
    . 1997. Restoration of a Sri Lankan rainforest: Using Caribbean pine Pinus caribaea as a nurse for establishing late-successional tree species. Journal of Applied Ecology 34:915–925.
    OpenUrl
  4. ↵
    1. Bartuszevige, A.M. and
    2. D.L. Gorchov
    . 2006. Avian seed dispersal of an invasive shrub. Biological Invasions 8:1013–1022.
    OpenUrl
  5. ↵
    1. Boudiaf, I.,
    2. E. Baudoin,
    3. H. Sanguin,
    4. A. Beddiar,
    5. J. Thioulouse,
    6. A. Galiana
    et al. 2013. The exotic legume tree species, Acacia mearnsii, alters microbial soil functionalities and the early development of a native tree species, Quercus suber, in North Africa. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 65:172–179.
    OpenUrl
  6. ↵
    1. Bragg, T.B. and
    2. L.C. Hulbert
    . 1976. Woody plant invasion of unburned Kansas tallgrass prairie. Journal of Range Management 29:19–23.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  7. ↵
    1. Bray, J.R. and
    2. J.T. Curtis
    . 1957. An ordination of upland forest communities of southern Wisconsin. Ecological Monographs 27:325–349.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  8. ↵
    1. Callaway, R.M.
    1992. Effect of shrubs on recruitment of Quercus douglasii and Quercus lobata in California. Ecology 73:2118–2128.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  9. ↵
    1. Callaway, R.M.,
    2. N.M. Nadkarni and
    3. B.E. Mahall
    . 1991. Facilitation and interference of Quercus douglasii on understory productivity in central California. Ecology 72:1484–1499.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  10. ↵
    1. Carrière, S.M.,
    2. M. André,
    3. P. Letourmy,
    4. I. Olivier and
    5. D.B. McKey
    . 2002. Seed rain beneath remnant trees in a slash-and-burn agricultural system in southern Cameroon. Journal of Tropical Ecology 18:353–374.
    OpenUrl
  11. ↵
    1. Chaplin, S.J.,
    2. W.R. Ostlie,
    3. R.E. Schneider and
    4. J.S. Kenney
    . 1996 A multiple-scale approach to conservation planning in the Great Plains. Pages 187–201 in F.B. Samson and F.L. (eds), Prairie Conservation. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  12. ↵
    1. Chazdon, R.L.
    2008. Beyond deforestation: Restoring forests and ecosystem services on degraded lands. Science 320:1458–1460.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  13. ↵
    1. Collier, M.,
    2. J. Vankat and
    3. M. Hughes
    . 2002. Diminished plant richness and abundance below Lonicera maackii, an invasive shrub. American Midland Naturalist 147:60–71.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  14. ↵
    1. Connell, J.H. and
    2. R.O. Slatyer
    . 1977. Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization. The American Naturalist 111:1119–1144.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  15. ↵
    1. Cook, W.H.,
    2. J. Yao,
    3. B.L. Foster,
    4. R.D. Holt and
    5. L.B. Patrick
    . 2005. Secondary succession in an experimentally fragmented landscape: Community patterns across space and time. Ecology 86:1267–1279.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  16. ↵
    1. Corbin, J.D. and
    2. K.D. Holl
    . 2012. Applied nucleation as a forest restoration strategy. Forest Ecology and Management 265:37–46.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  17. ↵
    1. Culley, T.M. and
    2. N.A. Hardiman
    . 2007. The beginning of a new invasive plant: A history of the ornamental Callery pear in the United States. BioScience 57:956–964.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  18. ↵
    1. de la Peña-Domene, M.,
    2. C. Martínez-Garza and
    3. H.F. Howe
    . 2013. Early recruitment dynamics in tropical restoration. Ecological Applications 23:1124–1134.
    OpenUrl
  19. ↵
    1. Dovčiak, M.,
    2. L.E. Frelich and
    3. P.B. Reich
    . 2005. Pathways in old-field succession to white pine: Seed rain, shade, and climate effects. Ecological Monographs 75:363–378.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  20. ↵
    1. Eddy, T.A.
    1999. Ecotonal dynamics of the invasion of woody plants into tallgrass prairie. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-11:56–58.
  21. ↵
    1. Fowler, N.L.
    1988. Grasslands, nurse trees, and coexistence. Pages 91–100 in B.B. Amos and F.R. Gelbach (eds), Edwards Plateau Vegetation: Plant Ecological Studies in Central Texas. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press.
  22. ↵
    1. Freeman, C.C. and
    2. C.A. Morse
    . 2002. Kansas floristic quality assessment: coefficients of conservatism for plants in southeast Kansas. Lawrence, KS: Kansas Department of Health and Environment.
  23. ↵
    1. Fuentes, E.R.,
    2. A.J. Hoffman,
    3. A. Poiani and
    4. M.C. Alliende
    . 1986. Vegetation change in large clearings: Patterns in the Chilean matorral. Oecologia 68:358–366.
    OpenUrl
  24. ↵
    1. Gass, L. and
    2. P.W. Barnes
    . 1998. Microclimate and understory structure of live oak (Quercus fusiformis) clusters in central Texas, USA. Southwestern Naturalist 43:183–194.
    OpenUrl
  25. ↵
    1. Gillis, A.M.
    1990. The new forestry. BioScience 40:558–562.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  26. ↵
    1. Greenberg, R.
    1989. Forest migrants in non-forest habitats on the Yucatan Peninsula. Pages 273–286 in J.M. Hagan and D.W. Johnston (eds), Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Land Birds. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.
  27. ↵
    1. Gross, K.L. and
    2. S.M. Emery
    . 2007. Succession and restoration in Michigan old field communities. Pages 162–179 in V.A. Cramer and R.J. Hobbs (eds), Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  28. ↵
    1. Guariguata, M.R.,
    2. R. Rheingans and
    3. F. Montagnini
    . 1995. Early woody invasion under tree plantations in Costa Rica: Implications for forest restoration. Restoration Ecology 3:252–260.
    OpenUrl
  29. ↵
    1. Gucker, C.L.
    2011. Quercus macrocarpa. In: Fire Effects Information System, (Accessed December 2022). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/plants/tree/quemac/all.html.
  30. ↵
    1. Guevara, S.,
    2. J. Meave,
    3. P. Moreno-Casasola and
    4. J. Laborde
    . 1992. Floristic composition and structure of vegetation under isolated trees in Neotropical pastures. Journal of Vegetation Science 3:655–664.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  31. ↵
    1. Guiden, P.W.
    2013. Dispersal of honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) seeds by white-tailed deer. Ecological Restoration 31:356–358.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  32. ↵
    1. Haas, C.
    1995. Dispersal and use of corridors by birds in wooded patches on an agricultural landscape. Conservation Biology 9:845–854.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  33. ↵
    1. Harvey, C.A.
    2000. Windbreaks enhance seed dispersal into agricultural landscapes in Monteverde, Costa Rica. Ecological Applications 10:155–173.
    OpenUrl
  34. ↵
    1. Hobbs, R.J. and
    2. V.A. Cramer
    . 2007. Old field dynamics: Regional and local differences, and lessons for ecology and restoration. Pages 309–318 in V.A. Cramer and R.J. Hobbs (eds), Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland. Washington, DC: Island Press.
    1. Hobbs, R.J. and
    2. L.R. Walker
    . 2007. Old field succession: Development of concepts. Pages 17–30 in V.A. Cramer and R.J. Hobbs (eds), Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland. Washington, DC: Island Press.
    1. Hobbs, R.J.,
    2. E.S. Higgs and
    3. C.M. Hall
    . 2013. Defining novel ecosystems. Pages 58–60 in Hobbs, R.J., E.S. Higgs and C.M. Hall (eds), Novel Ecosystems: Intervening in the New Ecological World Order. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
  37. ↵
    1. Hobbs, R.J.,
    2. E. Higgs,
    3. C.M. Hall,
    4. P. Bridgewater,
    5. F.S. Chapin, III.,
    6. E.C. Ellis
    et al. 2014. Managing the whole landscape: historical, hybrid, and novel ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12:557–564.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  38. ↵
    1. Holl, K.D.
    2007. Old field vegetation succession in the Neotropics. Pages 93–118 in V.A. Cramer and R.J. Hobbs (eds), Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  39. ↵
    1. Jones, H.P. and
    2. O.J. Schmitz
    . 2009. Rapid recovery of damaged ecosystems. PLoS ONE 4(5): e5653. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005653.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  40. ↵
    1. Kennedy, P.L.,
    2. J.B. Fontaine,
    3. R.J. Hobbs,
    4. T.N. Johnson,
    5. R. Boyle and
    6. A.S. Lueders
    . 2018. Do novel ecosystems provide habitat value for wildlife? Revisiting the physiognomy vs. floristic debate. Ecosphere 9(3):e02172.
    OpenUrl
  41. ↵
    1. Kindscher, K.,
    2. L.M. Martin,
    3. E.M. Staab and
    4. J.M. Delisle
    . 2016. A natural areas inventory of Douglas County in northeast Kansas. Open-file Report No. 184. Lawrence, KS: Kansas Biological Survey.
  42. ↵
    1. Korschgen, L.J.
    1981. Foods of fox and gray squirrels in Missouri. Journal of Wildlife Management 45:260–266.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  43. ↵
    1. Lamb, D.,
    2. P.D. Erskine and
    3. J.A. Parrotta
    . 2005. Restoration of degraded tropical forest landscapes. Science 310:1628–1632.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  44. ↵
    1. Lawson, D.,
    2. R.S. Inouye,
    3. N. Huntly and
    4. W.P. Carson
    . 1999. Patterns of woody plant abundance, recruitment, mortality, and growth in a 65 year chronosequence of old-fields. Plant Ecology 145:267–279.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  45. ↵
    1. Letcher, S.G. and
    2. R.L. Chazdon
    . 2009. Rapid recovery of biomass, species richness, and species composition in a forest chronosequence in northeastern Costa Rica. Biotropica 41:618–617.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  46. ↵
    1. Linneman, J.S. and
    2. W.M. Palmer
    . 2006. The effect of Juniperus virginiana on plant species composition in an Oklahoma grassland. Community Ecology 7:235–244.
    OpenUrl
  47. ↵
    1. Lockwood, J.L. and
    2. S.L. Pimm
    . 1999. When does restoration succeed? Pages 363–392 in E. Weiher and P.A. Keddy (eds), Ecological Assembly Rules: Perspectives, Advances, Retreats. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  48. ↵
    1. Luken, J.O.
    1990. Directing Ecological Succession. New York, NY: Chapman and Hall.
  49. ↵
    1. McDonnell, M.J. and
    2. E.W. Stiles
    . 1983. The structural complexity of old field vegetation and the recruitment of bird-dispersed plant species. Oecologia 56:109–116.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  50. ↵
    1. McLane, C.R.,
    2. L.L. Battaglia,
    3. D.J. Gibson and
    4. J.W. Groninger
    . 2012. Succession of exotic and native species assemblages within restored floodplain forests: A test of the parallel dynamics hypothesis. Restoration Ecology 20:202–210.
    OpenUrl
  51. ↵
    1. Meiners, S.J.,
    2. M.L. Cadenasso and
    3. S.T.A. Pickett
    . 2007. Succession on the Piedmont of New Jersey and its implications for ecological restoration. Pages 145–161 in V.A. Cramer and R.J. Hobbs (eds), Old Fields: Dynamics and Restoration of Abandoned Farmland. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  52. ↵
    1. Murphy, S.,
    2. V. Mitchell,
    3. J. Thurman,
    4. C.N. Davis,
    5. M.D. Moran,
    6. J. Bonumwezi
    et al. 2018. Seed Dispersal in Osage orange (Maclura pomifera) by squirrels (Sciurus spp.) American Midland Naturalist 180:312–317.
    OpenUrl
  53. ↵
    National Centers for Environmental Information. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2022. U.S. Climate Normals. (accessed October 2022). https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/us-climate-normals/.
  54. ↵
    NatureServe. 2022. NatureServe Explorer. (accessed October 2022). NatureServe, Arlington, VA. https://explorer.natureserve.org.
  55. ↵
    1. Parrotta, J.A.
    1995. Influence of overstory composition on understory colonization by native species in a plantation in a degraded tropical site. Journal of Vegetation Science 6:627–636.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  56. ↵
    1. Piper, J.K.
    2006 Colonization of tubú (Montanoa guatemalensis, Asteraceae) windbreaks by woody species. Biotropica 38: 122–126.
    OpenUrl
  57. ↵
    1. Plumptre, A.J.
    1995. The importance of “seed trees” for the natural regeneration of selectively logged tropical forest. Commonwealth Forestry Review 74:253–258.
    OpenUrl
  58. ↵
    1. Quinn, J. and
    2. S.J. Meiners
    . 2004. Growth rates, survivorship, and sex ratio of Juniperus virginiana on the New Jersey Piedmont from 1963 to 2000. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 131: 187–194.
    OpenUrl
  59. ↵
    1. Ratajczak, Z.,
    2. J.M. Briggs,
    3. D.G. Goodin,
    4. L. Luo,
    5. R.L. Mohler,
    6. J.B. Nippert
    et al. 2016. Assessing the potential for transitions from tallgrass prairie to woodlands: Are we operating beyond critical fire thresholds? Rangeland Ecology and Management 69:280–287.
    OpenUrl
  60. ↵
    1. Robinson, G.R. and
    2. S.N. Handel
    . 2000. Directing spatial patterns of recruitment during an experimental urban woodland reclamation. Ecological Applications 10:174–188.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  61. ↵
    1. Sena, K.,
    2. L. Gauger,
    3. T. Johnson,
    4. F. Shirkey,
    5. W. Caldbeck,
    6. J. Hammock
    et al. 2021. Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) presence is associated with reduced diversity and richness of flowering spring flora in central Kentucky. Natural Areas Journal 41:249–257.
    OpenUrl
  62. ↵
    1. Shono, K.,
    2. E.A. Cadaweng and
    3. P.B. Durst
    . 2007. Application of assisted natural regeneration to restore degraded tropical forestlands. Restoration Ecology 14:620–626.
    OpenUrl
  63. ↵
    1. Stone, G.N.,
    2. R.W.J.M. van der Ham and
    3. J.G. Brewer
    . 2008. Fossil oak galls preserve ancient multitrophic interactions. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275:2213–2219.
    OpenUrlCrossRefGeoRefPubMed
  64. ↵
    1. Suding, K.N. and
    2. K.L. Gross
    . 2006. Modifying native and exotic species richness correlations: The influence of fire and seed addition. Ecological Applications 16:1319–1326.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  65. ↵
    USDA, NRCS. 2022. The PLANTS Database. (accessed November 2022). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC. http://plants.usda.gov.
  66. ↵
    1. Weaver, J.E. and
    2. J. Kramer
    . 1932. Root system of Quercus macrocarpa in relation to the invasion of prairie. Botanical Gazette 94:51–85.
    OpenUrl
  67. ↵
    1. Werner, P.A. and
    2. A.L. Harbeck
    . 1982. The pattern of tree seedling establishment relative to staghorn sumac cover in Michigan old fields. American Midland Naturalist 108:124–132.
    OpenUrl
  68. ↵
    1. Zahawi, R.A. and
    2. C.K. Augspurger
    . 2006. Tropical forest restoration: tree islands as recruitment foci in degraded lands of Honduras. Ecological Applications 16:464–478.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Zahawi, R.A.,
    2. K.D. Holl,
    3. R.C. Cole and
    4. J.L. Reid
    . 2013. Testing applied nucleation as a strategy to facilitate tropical forest recovery. Journal of Applied Ecology 50:88–96.
    OpenUrl
  70. ↵
    1. Zaya, D.N. and
    2. H.F. Howe
    . 2009. The anomalous Kentucky coffeetree: Megafaunal fruit sinking to extinction? Oecologia 161:221–226.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
Back to top

In this issue

Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Email Article
Citation Tools
Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) Enrichment Plantings Enhance Successional Restoration of an Old Field
Jon K. Piper
Ecological Restoration Jun 2023, 41 (2-3) 99-108; DOI: 10.3368/er.41.2-3.99
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

Keywords