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Research ArticleArticle
Open Access

Plant, Avian, and Butterfly Response to a Native-Grassland Restoration in Southern Texas

Geron Gowdy, Fidel Hernández, Timothy Fulbright, Eric Grahmann, David Wester, Ellart Vreugdenhil, Anthony Henehan, Forrest Smith and Michael Hehman
Ecological Restoration, March 2022, 40 (1) 44-52; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/er.40.1.44
Geron Gowdy
USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service,10330 Hill Country Land, Corpus Christi, TX 78410
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  • For correspondence: geron_gowdy{at}hotmail.com
Fidel Hernández
Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Kingsville, TX.
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Timothy Fulbright
Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Kingsville, TX.
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Eric Grahmann
Eric Grahmann, El Coyote Ranch, Riviera, TX.
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David Wester
Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Kingsville, TX.
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Ellart Vreugdenhil
Canvas Natural Resource Solutions, Longview, TX.
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Anthony Henehan
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Weslaco, TX.
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Forrest Smith
Texas Native Seeds, Kingsville, TX.
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Michael Hehman
Hixon Ranch, Cotulla, TX.
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Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Restoration and control sites in relation to one another, La Salle County, Texas, 2018. The two sites are located 4.8 km apart and are in the western Rio Grande Plains of Texas. Bottom Left: La Salle County within the state of Texas, US.
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    Figure 1.

    Restoration and control sites in relation to one another, La Salle County, Texas, 2018. The two sites are located 4.8 km apart and are in the western Rio Grande Plains of Texas. Bottom Left: La Salle County within the state of Texas, US.

  • A) Total species richness of native plants on a restoration (yellow) and control (blue) site during Pre (2013), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, 2013-2019. B) Mean species richness of native plants (mean no. species/transect ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site. C) Mean native-plant cover (mean % cover /transect ± SE) by time period on a restoration and control site.
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    Figure 2.

    A) Total species richness of native plants on a restoration (yellow) and control (blue) site during Pre (2013), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, 2013-2019. B) Mean species richness of native plants (mean no. species/transect ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site. C) Mean native-plant cover (mean % cover /transect ± SE) by time period on a restoration and control site.

  • A) Total species richness of grassland breeding-birds on a restoration (yellow and control (blue) site during the Pre (2014), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, June 2014-2019. B) Mean species richness of grassland breeding birds (mean no. species/point ± SE) pooled over time (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site. C) Mean relative abundance of grassland breeding birds (mean no. individuals/point ± SE) by time period on a restoration and control site.
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    Figure 3.

    A) Total species richness of grassland breeding-birds on a restoration (yellow and control (blue) site during the Pre (2014), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, June 2014-2019. B) Mean species richness of grassland breeding birds (mean no. species/point ± SE) pooled over time (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site. C) Mean relative abundance of grassland breeding birds (mean no. individuals/point ± SE) by time period on a restoration and control site.

  • A) Total species richness of grassland wintering birds on a restoration (yellow) and control (blue) site during the Pre (2013), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, Dec–Jan 2013−2019. B) Mean species richness of grassland wintering birds (no. species/point ± SE) by time period on a restoration and control site. C) Mean relative abundance of grassland wintering birds (no. individuals/point ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site.
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    Figure 4.

    A) Total species richness of grassland wintering birds on a restoration (yellow) and control (blue) site during the Pre (2013), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, Dec–Jan 2013−2019. B) Mean species richness of grassland wintering birds (no. species/point ± SE) by time period on a restoration and control site. C) Mean relative abundance of grassland wintering birds (no. individuals/point ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site.

  • A) Total species richness of butterflies on a restoration (yellow) and control (blue) site during the Pre (2014), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, October 2014−2019. B) Mean species richness of butterflies (mean no. species/transect ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site. C) Mean relative abundance of butterflies (mean no. individuals/transect ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site.
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    Figure 5.

    A) Total species richness of butterflies on a restoration (yellow) and control (blue) site during the Pre (2014), Post 1 (2018), and Post 2 (2019) survey periods in La Salle County, Texas, October 2014−2019. B) Mean species richness of butterflies (mean no. species/transect ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site. C) Mean relative abundance of butterflies (mean no. individuals/transect ± SE) pooled over time period (Post 1 and Post 2) on a restoration and control site.

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Ecological Restoration: 40 (1)
Ecological Restoration
Vol. 40, Issue 1
March 2022
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Plant, Avian, and Butterfly Response to a Native-Grassland Restoration in Southern Texas
Geron Gowdy, Fidel Hernández, Timothy Fulbright, Eric Grahmann, David Wester, Ellart Vreugdenhil, Anthony Henehan, Forrest Smith, Michael Hehman
Ecological Restoration Mar 2022, 40 (1) 44-52; DOI: 10.3368/er.40.1.44

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Plant, Avian, and Butterfly Response to a Native-Grassland Restoration in Southern Texas
Geron Gowdy, Fidel Hernández, Timothy Fulbright, Eric Grahmann, David Wester, Ellart Vreugdenhil, Anthony Henehan, Forrest Smith, Michael Hehman
Ecological Restoration Mar 2022, 40 (1) 44-52; DOI: 10.3368/er.40.1.44
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Keywords

  • biodiversity
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  • grassland bird diversity
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