Research ArticleResearch Article
Management Regime and Field Age Affect Species Richness and Cover of Native Forbs and Exotic Species in Virginia Grasslands
Joseph Ledvina, William J. McShea, Norman A. Bourg, Valentine Herrmann, Thomas Akre and Amy E. M. Johnson
Ecological Restoration, June 2020, 38 (2) 83-93; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/er.38.2.83
Joseph Ledvina
Joseph Ledvina Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA and Natural Resources Section, Environmental Division, Department of Transportation, Little Rock, AR.
William J. McShea
William J. McShea (corresponding author) Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630.
Norman A. Bourg
Norman A. Bourg, Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA.
Valentine Herrmann
Valentine Herrmann, Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA.
Thomas Akre
Thomas Akre, Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA.
Amy E. M. Johnson
Amy E. M. Johnson, Virginia Working Landscapes, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA.

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In this issue
Ecological Restoration
Vol. 38, Issue 2
1 Jun 2020
Management Regime and Field Age Affect Species Richness and Cover of Native Forbs and Exotic Species in Virginia Grasslands
Joseph Ledvina, William J. McShea, Norman A. Bourg, Valentine Herrmann, Thomas Akre, Amy E. M. Johnson
Ecological Restoration Jun 2020, 38 (2) 83-93; DOI: 10.3368/er.38.2.83
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