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Research ArticleSpecial Theme: Ecological Restoration in Mexico

Forest Restoration in Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico

Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial, Mario González-Espinosa, Angélica Camacho-Cruz and Daniel Ortiz-Aguilar
Ecological Restoration, September 2010, 28 (3) 354-360; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/er.28.3.354
Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial
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Mario González-Espinosa
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Angélica Camacho-Cruz
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Daniel Ortiz-Aguilar
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Abstract

Abstract

We established a forest restoration project at the Lagunas de Montebello National Park (LMNP), Chiapas, southern Mexico, a biologically important area severely impacted by surrounding human settlements. In September 2003, 3,030 saplings of 16 tree species were planted in eight 2,500 m2 plots. Survival and growth were assessed regularly and analyzed as a function of soil conditions, vegetative cover, and successional group of planted species (early, mid-, and late successional). After 36 months of evaluation, the highest survival was recorded in early (66.4% ± 4.7%) and mid-successional species (65.1% ± 3.2%); survival of late successional species was considerably lower (24.1% ± 4.7%). Plant growth varied among successional groups and between response variables (maximum height and basal stem diameter). In all species, growth was positively related to basal stem diameter; in nine of the planted species, we observed considerable leaf/branch loss or stem death. Forest restoration with native trees at LMNP is still at an early stage, yet it appears feasible using fast-growing species, such as sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), oaks (Quercus spp.), and candleberry (Morella cerifera). The establishment of late-successional species like wild cherry (Prunus brachybotrya, P. lundelliana), pajalté (Synardisia venosa), and estoraque (Styrax magnus) is more limited and requires preexisting plant cover that can be provided by pioneer species.

Resumen

Establecimos un proyecto de restauración forestal en el Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello, Chiapas, México (PNLM), un área de alta importancia biológica y marginación humana. En septiembre de 2003 se plantaron 3,030 individuos de 16 especies de árboles en ocho parcelas de 2,500 m2. Se evaluaron periódicamente su supervivencia y crecimiento en función de la calidad del suelo, la cobertura vegetal y la afinidad sucesional de las especies (tempranas, intermedias o tardías). Después de 36 meses de evaluación, la mayor supervivencia se registró en las especies tempranas (66.4% ± 4.7 %) y en las sucesionales intermedias (65.1% ± 3.2 %), y en menor grado en las especies tardías (24.1% ± 4.7%). El crecimiento de las plantas varió de acuerdo con la afinidad sucesional y entre las variables consideradas (altura o diámetro). En todas las especies el crecimiento se relacionó positivamente con el diámetro basal de las plantas; en nueve de las 16 especies plantadas se observó pérdida de hojas y ramas o muerte de los tallos. El restablecimiento de la diversidad de árboles nativos en el PNLM es aún limitado, pero se facilita con la incorporación de especies pioneras de rápido crecimiento como Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus spp. y Morella cerifera. El establecimiento de las especies tardías, típicas del bosque mesófilo como Prunus brachybotrya, P. lundelliana, Synardisia venosa y Styrax magnus es aún precario ya que requieren de la cobertura proporcionada por las especies tempranas.

  • Chiapas
  • enrichment planting
  • Mexico
  • montane forest
  • succession

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Ecological Restoration: 28 (3)
Ecological Restoration
Vol. 28, Issue 3
1 Sep 2010
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Forest Restoration in Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico
Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial, Mario González-Espinosa, Angélica Camacho-Cruz, Daniel Ortiz-Aguilar
Ecological Restoration Sep 2010, 28 (3) 354-360; DOI: 10.3368/er.28.3.354

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Forest Restoration in Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico
Neptalí Ramírez-Marcial, Mario González-Espinosa, Angélica Camacho-Cruz, Daniel Ortiz-Aguilar
Ecological Restoration Sep 2010, 28 (3) 354-360; DOI: 10.3368/er.28.3.354
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  • Using Oak Characteristics to Guide Fire Regime Restoration in Mexican Pine-Oak and Oak Forests
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  • Conceptual Framework for Mangrove Restoration in the Yucatán Peninsula
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Keywords

  • Chiapas
  • enrichment planting
  • México
  • montane forest
  • succession
  • bosque mesófilo de montaña
  • plantaciones de enriquecimiento
  • sucesión ecológica
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