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Research ArticleSpecial Theme: Ecological Restoration in Mexico

Using Oak Characteristics to Guide Fire Regime Restoration in Mexican Pine-Oak and Oak Forests

Dante Arturo Rodríguez-Trejo and Ronald L. Myers
Ecological Restoration, September 2010, 28 (3) 304-323; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/er.28.3.304
Dante Arturo Rodríguez-Trejo
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Ronald L. Myers
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Abstract

Abstract

Pine-oak forests cover 14.2 million hectares in Mexico, a country that has the richest pine and oak diversity in the world. These diverse forests are a source of goods and services for rural and urban society, but they are being degraded and deforested. A cause of degradation is the alteration of the fire regime caused by fire exclusion or excessive burning. Little information is available on how to restore ecologically appropriate fire regimes in Mexican pine-oak ecosystems. Less is known about the fire ecology of the oak species. To determine which of these pine-oak and oak forests are fire-maintained and which are sensitive to fires, and to provide insight into the restoration of appropriate fire regimes, this paper categorizes oak species according to the following characteristics: climate and type of vegetation, environment and succession, fire regime, growth form, vegetative regeneration, regeneration niche, acorn size, foliage type, bark thickness, subgenus, and understory. Frequent low-intensity surface fires are recommended for the restoration and maintenance of many of these forests and to reduce the ecological, economic, and firefighting impacts that result from large-magnitude wildfires, although it is recognized that for some species of pine and oak, periodic high-intensity fires are required. Because the source of more than 40% of the wildfires in Mexico is agricultural and grazing activities, it is essential to consider the needs of rural communities who use fire for their livelihood, and how burning might help restore and maintain these ecosystems.

Resumen

Los bosques de pino-encino cubren 14.2 millones de hectáreas en México, país que cuenta con la mayor diversidad de pinos y encinos en el planeta. Estos bosques son fuente de bienes y servicios para la sociedad rural y urbana, pero están siendo degradados y deforestados. Una fuente de degradación es la alteración de los regímenes de fuego ocasionada por la exclusión del fuego o por incendios excesivos. Existe poca información relativa a la restauración de regímenes de fuego ecológicamente adecuados en los ecosistemas de pino-encino mexicanos. Hay todavía menos información sobre la ecología del fuego en encinares. Para determinar cuáles de esos bosques son mantenidos por los incendios, cuáles son sensibles y proveer información para la restauración de regímenes de fuego adecuados, este trabajo categoriza las especies de encinos acorde con las siguientes características: clima y tipo de vegetación, ambiente y sucesión, régimen de fuego, forma de crecimiento, regeneración vegetativa, nicho de regeneración, tamaño de la bellota, tipo de follaje, grosor de corteza, subgénero y sotobosque. El fuego frecuente, de baja intensidad, es recomendado para la restauración y mantenimiento de muchos de estos bosques y para reducir los impactos ecológicos, económicos y de combate que resultan de incendios de gran magnitud, aunque se reconoce que para algunas especies de pino y encino se necesita fuego periódico de alta intensidad. Debido a que la fuente de más de 40 por ciento de los incendios en México son las actividades agropecuarias, es esencial considerar la necesidad de la gente en las comunidades rurales, quienes utilizan el fuego en sus sistemas de producción, y cómo el uso del fuego puede ayudar a restaurar y a mantener estos ecosistemas.

  • fire ecology
  • Pinus
  • prescribed fire
  • Quercus
  • restoration ecology

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Ecological Restoration: 28 (3)
Ecological Restoration
Vol. 28, Issue 3
1 Sep 2010
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Using Oak Characteristics to Guide Fire Regime Restoration in Mexican Pine-Oak and Oak Forests
Dante Arturo Rodríguez-Trejo, Ronald L. Myers
Ecological Restoration Sep 2010, 28 (3) 304-323; DOI: 10.3368/er.28.3.304

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Using Oak Characteristics to Guide Fire Regime Restoration in Mexican Pine-Oak and Oak Forests
Dante Arturo Rodríguez-Trejo, Ronald L. Myers
Ecological Restoration Sep 2010, 28 (3) 304-323; DOI: 10.3368/er.28.3.304
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More in this TOC Section

  • Forest Restoration in Lagunas de Montebello National Park, Chiapas, Mexico
  • Agroforestry Systems: Restoration of Semiarid Zones in the Tehuacán Valley, Central Mexico
  • Plant Propagation and the Ecological Restoration of Mexican Tropical Deciduous Forests
Show more Special Theme: Ecological Restoration in Mexico

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Keywords

  • fire ecology
  • Pinus
  • prescribed fire
  • Quercus
  • restoration ecology
  • ecología del fuego
  • quema prescrita
  • ecología de la restauración
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